Liquid-fuel burner or atomizer



EZULVEIR LIQUID FUEL BURNER OR ATOMIZER Filed May 26. 1924 4Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 24, 1925- C. ZULVER LIQUID FUEL BURNER OR ATOMIZERFiled May 25. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 [rwemr Nimm 24, @@25- G. ZLJlms/ERLIQUID FUEL BURNER OR ATOMIZER Filed May 26, 1924 CORNELIS ZUL'Y'EB., OFLONDON, ENGLAND.

LIQUID-FUEL '.BIIRNER OR ATOMIZER.

Application med lay 26, 1924. Serial No. 715,970.

. To all whom 'it concern.'

Be it known that I, CORNELIS ZULvnR, a

subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, of

St; Helens Court, Great St. Helens, in the city of London, England, havelinvented a new and useful Improvement in or Relatino' to Liquid-FuelBurners.` or Atomizers, o

which-the following is a specication.

This invention relates tooil burners or 'atomizers and has for itsobject to an improved construction thereof w ich .is

particularly adapted for operation by lowv fessure air although the aplication of the invention is not tobe consi ered as limitedin thisrespect, as steam, air, or other inotive Huid may be employed at anydesired pressure. referred to.

The improved oil burner or atom'izer is characterized in that the airhas a high roi tative velocity imparted toit in an air supply cliamberby means of vanes and is discharged through a contracted or convergingconical opening around an oil supplyl tube provided ad'acent to saidopenin with an annular oil ischarge aperture an a diver I ing deflectingcone which may be surroun `ber which is of relatively lar consists of arear section o hemispherical ed by a cylindrical member or by a ilaredburner mouth. 4

As an example the oil supply tube may pass centrally through an airsupply chamdiameter and form and a forward section of tapered or conicalform fitted internally with helical i varies and converging from thelargr diameter of the chamber to the outlet w ich is located around theoil tube 'ust'.before the oil discharge aperture is reac ed.

The conical deflector is suitably mounted at the end of the oil supplytube, for example it may be mounted upon the end of a spindle whichpasses throu h the rear end 4of the oil supply tube where t e saidspindle is provided with a handle and screw threaded gland for thepurposes of adjustment in the usual manner.

In a modied construction the conical de-' flector ma be located withinor in advance of an enc osing cylindrical member.

Three constructions of oilburners orato-y mizers carried out inaccordance with this 1n-v drawings, wherein,

vention are illustrated inthe accompanying rovide For convenience onlyair will be oil supply Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1 from theleft. Fig. 3 is across section on line X--X of Fig. 1 looking from theleft.

, y 1563,24@ PATENT'oFFicE.

V(it) Figs. 4-and 5 are respectively a longitudi-l nal section andrearend view `of a modified construction.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation showing a further modification.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, an oil supply tube aasses centrally through an airchamber b oi) comparatively largediameter, the rear portion or section b of said chamber being ofhemispherical form, whilst the forward portion or section b2 is fittedwith internal helical varies b3, and is of coned or tapered formationleading from the larger diameter of the chamber to a somewhatconstricted outlet c; located around the oil su ply tube o: just beforereachin the animar oil discharge opening d, whic is formed between theconed end of theoil supply tube a and the face of a divergiiig de ectingcone e carried upon the end of a spindle f which passes centrallythrough the oil su ply'tube a and out of the rear end thereof t roughagland g.

-. The contracted discharge aperture c of the air chamber b osurrounding the deflecting cone e and hav ing a contracted dischargeopening lc which opens into a flared or diverging conical -burnermouthor flame tube Z.

outer end of the spindle lfor the purpose of operatin thesame, and to.ensure centrali. zationo the cone e projections or supportVv 1 ingmembers, such asc', Amay be arranged upon the spindle 'f. .Y

The oil tube ai may be conveniently screwed at its rear end into a bodyportion ai. which is made with a suitable extension a2 adapted toengageandt into a recess in the stirrup burner holder j into which theinlet j opens.

The said stirrupl holder j is provided with a screw j. for detaohablyclamping the oil supply tube a in place.

'The outer casing of the apparatus which constitutes the air chamber'`the mixing ns into an enlarged and somewhat spherical mixing chamber Asuitable hand wheel t is provided on vthe chamber Je, andburner mouth orflame tube l to 3 except that the air inlet m is le lows z-Air Z may beconveniently constructed as shown in three sections, the irst section bWhich is formed with the air inlet m being pro vided with aisocket 'nifor the oil tube, whilst the second section is suitably connected to thethird section or flame tube Z, convenient lianges `being provided formounting the said parte u on a plate o formingpart of the furnace tment.y i

The improved burner operates as fol s admitted through the pipe m to thecasingfb surroundin the burner tube a which air `may be supp ied :from afan, compresser or other such suitable source.

Oil is led to the passage j of the stirrup holder y' from whence itpasses into the o1l tube a and along the same towards the annular oildischarge aperture al, the dimen-- sionsof which may be regulated bymeans of the handwheel h and, spindle f to allow the requiredamount ofoil to How out.

The air having to pass through the helical blades be in the air chamberb ac uires a high rotativemotion and the said c amber being coned`towards the outlet end c an increased rate of flow occurs at the pointWhere the oil and air meet; this results in the oil being rapidly spunaround the conical delector e at the end of the spindle f and finallyatomized and interinixed with the air current Within the mixing chamber7c.

This mixing chamber 7c as will be seen, is of restricted formation,which ensures a further intimate' mixing of the oil and spraysbeforebeing finally emitted from the conical burner mouth or flame tubeZ where it may be ignited by means of a common torch.k

In' the modified construction shown in Figures 4 and 5 the operation andconstruction is similar to that shown in Fi s.. 1

1nto the side ofthe air chamber above the level of the lower edge of theoutlet c so l that the lower part of the air chamber forms a pocket orwell below the dotted line l :ze adjusted to lreceive and hold any oilwhich may by any mischance pass into the air chamber Vb instead of goinginto the furnace, and the oil thus received in the said pocket will beheld therein instead of flowing down the air inlet branch into the fanas might be the case when the air sup- .ply enters the bottom of the airchamber.

These Figures 3 and 4 also show the air inlet branch fitted with athermometer 71 d for ascertaining the temperature of the air beingadmitted and a suitable damper g, such as indicated in dotted lines fin;Fig. 5 may also beprovided for controlling lthe air supply. v' ilsjallame tube provided with perforations r. v

.In the construction shown in Fig. 6, the mixing chamber 1s dispensedwith and the flange t serving air sup ly chamber b fitted with internalf helical lades b3 `and coned or tapered at its `forward end to form asomewhat restricted outlet c located around the oil sup-` ply tube ajust before reaching the annular oil discharge opening d `which isformed between the internally coned end of the oil supply toben and theface of a diverging deiiecting cone e carried upon the end of a spindlef which `passes centrally through the oil supply tube a and out of therear end thereof through `a gland Where `it is providedwvith anadjusting handle k.

The contracted conical discharge a ervture o ofthe air chamberfisenclose by a cylindrical member e which isv provided with an internallybevelled ed e and ter- .minates just beyond said air disc arge aperturec, as shown, or approximatelycoincident therewith, and the saidcylindrical member s may be carried back around the` air chamberb asShown so asvto carry the same, the rear end of said cylindrical `memberbeing v conveniently provided .with a as a means Afor attaching theburner as la Whole to the furnace door or supporting plate o.

The oil supply aperture d is located approximately coincident with theend of the cylindrical member 8 and the deflecting cone e projectsslightly beyond the same.

In operation the air in passing through the helicalq blades in the air.chamber b acquires a high rotative motion and the said chamber beingconed or tapered `towards the outlet end an increased rate of flow.occurs at the outlet c where the oil and air meet, this results in theoil being rapidly s un around the conical defiector e at the end) of thespindle f and .discharged as aiinely atomized spra intimately mixed withair so as to be rea ily ignited by means of a common torch.

The spindle f is fitted with a hand-wheel it and is screwed into theland g so that by i and desire required amount of from, an air supplynozzle mounted about said oil tube and adapted to direct the u movementof air against the outer end of said oil supply tube and against saiddeiiec tor whereby to atomize the oil and project the same outwardlyfrom said deflector, a mixing chamber secured to said air nozzle, and aflame tube extending outwardly from said mixing chamber.

2. The improved oil burner comprising an oil supply tube having anannular oil discharge opening at the outer end thereof, a cone-shapeddelector positioned in spaced relation to said annular oil discharge oening, an air pressure chamber mounted a out said oil tube, vanesmounted upon the inner Walls of said air pressure chamber and adapted torotate the air about said oil tube and toward the outer end thereof, anouterl mixing chamber and aflame tube extending outwardly from saidmixing chamber.

'llie improved oil burner or atomizer comprising an oil supply tubehaving an annular oil discharge opening at the outer ,end thereof, adiverging cone-shaped deflector positioned in spaced relation t0 saidannular oil discharge opening, a converging air supply chamber mountedabout said oil supply tube, a plurality of vanes mounted upon the 3Uinner converging wallsof said air supply chamber whereby to impart ahigh rotative velocity to the air passing through said chamber, saidconverging Walls being adaptn ed to direct the air against the outer endot' said'oil tube and against said delector whereby to atomize the oil,an outer mining chamber, and a dame tubeextending out* wardly from saidmixing chamber..

4. The improved oil burner or atomizer comprising the combination of anoil supn ply pipe, a convergent air chamber surrounding said pipe,helical vanes mounted upon the inner walls of said air chamber andadapted to rotate the air Within said air chamber as it `moves towardthe conl vergent end thereof, said supply pipe at its outer endextending outwardly from the conn 'vergent end of said air chamber, amining chamber secured to the convergent end of said air chamber andextending outwardly therefrom, said mixing chamber being substantiallylarger than said convergent end of said air chamber, and a divergentdeiect ing cone mounted Within said mining chain ber and partiallyextending into the outer end of said pipe, said deflecting cone beingadapted to deiiect the oil and air into said mining chamber whereby toatomize the oil,

